EtherCAT G 使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以太網(wǎng)的 1 Gbit/s 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸;而作為概念驗證技術(shù)研究的 EtherCAT G1??0 變體可實現(xiàn)高達 10 Gbit/s 的數(shù)據(jù)速率。與標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT 相比,數(shù)據(jù)速率的顯著提高顯著提高了可能的數(shù)據(jù)吞吐量。
EtherCAT 通過 EtherCAT G 技術(shù)擴展達到了一個新的性能水平,因為它能夠疊加在千兆以太網(wǎng)上,用于數(shù)據(jù)密集型應(yīng)用。與使用 100 Mbit/s 的全球公認標(biāo)準(zhǔn) EtherCAT 的兼容性以及同樣熟悉的易用性都得到了保證。
通過為 EtherCAT G 引入的分支概念,并行網(wǎng)段的高效運行成為可能。使用分支概念,EtherCAT G (1 Gbit/s) 可將通信時間的性能提高 2 到 7 倍,高可達 10 倍帶寬,取決于應(yīng)用程序。使用 EtherCAT G1??0 甚至可以實現(xiàn) 100 倍的帶寬。
完全兼容的擴展
借助 EtherCAT G,系統(tǒng)可以利用當(dāng)今可用的高以太網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)速率,而無需對 EtherCAT 協(xié)議本身進行任何更改。因此,EtherCAT 主站發(fā)送的報文繼續(xù)通過所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。每個 EtherCAT 從站都會即時讀取發(fā)送給它的輸出數(shù)據(jù),并將其輸入數(shù)據(jù)放入轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的幀中,但現(xiàn)在的數(shù)據(jù)速率為 1 到 10 Gbit/s。和以前一樣,段(或分支)中的后一個設(shè)備將檢測未使用的端口并將電報發(fā)送回主站。以太網(wǎng)物理的全雙工特性用于此功能。
所有其他 EtherCAT 屬性都完全保留。具有三個或四個端口(結(jié))的設(shè)備使靈活的拓撲成為可能,可以適應(yīng)機器架構(gòu)。機器模塊可以根據(jù)需要通過熱連接插入或拔出。內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)診斷功能有助于大限度地減少機器或工廠的停機時間,從而以熟悉的效率提高可用性。集成分布式時鐘概念也仍然可用,并且可以在設(shè)備之間實現(xiàn)優(yōu)于 100 ns 的同步精度。還保證符合以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) IEEE 802.3。
性能和易用性一直是 EtherCAT 通信的標(biāo)志。這同樣適用于 EtherCAT G。不僅協(xié)議,而且基本機制和配置選項都保持不變。只有物理訪問電纜所需的功能塊已被 Gbit/s 變體取代。因此,主站不需要新軟件,只需要一個 Gbit/s 端口——通常在任何情況下都存在。現(xiàn)有熟悉的電纜類型也可以繼續(xù)使用:用于 EtherCAT G 的 Cat.5e 電纜或用于 EtherCAT G1??0 的 Cat.6 電纜。
EtherCAT G 從站可以在現(xiàn)有的 EtherCAT 主站上運行,前提是它具有 Gbit/s 端口。目前正在為 EtherCAT G 準(zhǔn)備幾個特殊的協(xié)議擴展,以實現(xiàn)更高性能的使用。然而,主控端所需的擴展對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的運行并不是強制性的。
EtherCAT 和 EtherCAT G 可以在同一網(wǎng)絡(luò)中運行,即 EtherCAT G 從站將在 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT 網(wǎng)絡(luò)中工作,反之亦然。但是,在這種混合網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,所有 EtherCAT G 設(shè)備都將切換回 100 Mbit/s 模式。為了防止這種情況,新的分支概念使 EtherCAT 分支成為可能,通過適當(dāng)?shù)乃俣葘崿F(xiàn),可以在 1 或 10 Gbit/s 網(wǎng)絡(luò)中并行運行 100 Mbit/s 段。使用新的 EK1400 EtherCAT G 耦合器可以在 100 Mbit/s 網(wǎng)絡(luò)上實現(xiàn) EtherCAT G 網(wǎng)段的一個分支,從而允許在 EtherCAT G 網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中使用極其廣泛的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) EtherCAT 端子模塊。EtherCAT G 通信段的 1 Gbit/s 速度保持不變。
分支概念提供了另一個重要的效率優(yōu)勢:小化傳播時間。CU14xx 多端口分支控制器專為此目的而設(shè)計,可實現(xiàn)多個 EtherCAT 和 EtherCAT G 段的互連。單個分支由來自主站的單個電報尋址,然后將同時處理。這使得更短的信號傳播時間和更短的通信和循環(huán)時間成為可能,因為一個段的電報直接從分支控制器傳回主控,而不是通過所有其他連接的段。
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EtherCAT and EtherCAT G can be operated within the same network, i.e. EtherCAT G slaves will work in a 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT network and vice versa. However, all EtherCAT G devices will switch back to the 100 Mbit/s mode in such a mixed network. In order to prevent this, the new branch concept makes EtherCAT branches possible, which enable the parallel operation of 100 Mbit/s segments in a 1 or 10 Gbit/s network through appropriate speed implementations. A branch of an EtherCAT G segment can be implemented on a 100 Mbit/s network using the new EK1400 EtherCAT G Coupler, allowing the extremely wide range of standard EtherCAT Terminals to be used within the EtherCAT G network environment. The 1 Gbit/s speed of EtherCAT G communication segment is retained.
The branch concept offers another crucial efficiency benefit: minimised propagation times. The CU14xx multi-port branch controllers are designed for this purpose and enable the interconnection of several EtherCAT and EtherCAT G segments. Individual branches are addressed with a single telegram from the master, which will then be processed simultaneously. This makes shorter signal propagation times possible and shorter communication and cycle times, because the telegram of a segment travels directly from the branch controller back to the master and not through all other connected segments as well.
Disclosure and availability
In the coming months, the FB1400 EtherCAT G piggyback controller board will be available for the EL9820 EtherCAT evaluation kit. The FB1400 will have an FPGA with a fixed configuration as an EtherCAT G slave controller (ESC). If necessary, customers can then also create and use their own ESC configurations with the planned IP core for EtherCAT G.
his will give EtherCAT users as well as master and slave manufacturers ample opportunity to evaluate the new technology. Availability of the EK1400 EtherCAT G Bus Coupler is scheduled for the second half of 2019. It will offer branch controller functionality and enables direct connection of all EtherCAT Terminals as well as all other EtherCAT products in EtherCAT G networks. Further products will follow, such as 3-port and 8-port branch controllers, an EtherCAT G junction, an EtherCAT G10 branch controller and an EtherCAT G10 piggyback controller board.
A disclosure and introduction of the EtherCAT G/G10 protocol by the EtherCAT Technology Group (ETG) is planned for this autumn. As with EtherCAT more than 15 years ago, all ETG member companies will be able to use the extension and benefit from it.